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机械结构虚拟优化设计技术与应用研究

胡如夫,吴南星,孙庆鸿

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第10期   页码 45-47

摘要：

虚拟优化设计是多学科先进知识形成的综合技术，是现代机械产品设计的发展方向。作为一种新的设计模式，应用该技术减少了产品开发中设计-试制-试验等过程的重复，设计人员可在虚拟可视化环境中对结构进行分析和优化，有利于缩短产品的设计周期，降低开发成本；分析了产品虚拟设计的特点，提出了机械结构虚拟优化设计的流程，并以数控车床主轴箱体动态优化为例进行了应用研究。

关键词： 机械结构     虚拟设计     优化设计    

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Development of lunar regolith composite and structure via laser-assisted sintering

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0662-2

摘要： Aiming at the exploration and resource utilization activities on the Moon, in situ resource utilization and in situ manufacturing are proposed to minimize the dependence on the ground transportation supplies. In this paper, a laser-assisted additive manufacturing process is developed to fabricate lunar regolith composites with PA12/SiO2 mixing powders. The process parameters and composite material compositions are optimized in an appropriate range through orthogonal experiments to establish the relationship of process–structure–property for lunar regolith composites. The optimal combination of composite material compositions and process parameters are mixing ratio of 50/50 in volume, laser power of 30 W, scanning speed of 3500 mm/s, and scanning hatch space of 0.2 mm. The maximum tensile strength of lunar regolith composites reaches 9.248 MPa, and the maximum depth of surface variation is 120.79 μm, which indicates poor powder fusion and sintering quality. Thereafter, the mechanical properties of laser-sintered lunar regolith composites are implemented to the topology optimization design of complex structures. The effectiveness and the feasibility of this laser-assisted process are potentially developed for future lightweight design and manufacturing of the solar panel installed on the lunar rover.

关键词： in situ manufacturing     laser-assisted powder fusion process     mechanical properties     topological structure design    

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Mechanical design and analysis of a novel variable stiffness actuator with symmetrical pivot adjustment

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第4期   页码 711-725 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0647-1

摘要： The safety of human–robot interaction is an essential requirement for designing collaborative robotics. Thus, this paper aims to design a novel variable stiffness actuator (VSA) that can provide safer physical human–robot interaction for collaborative robotics. VSA follows the idea of modular design, mainly including a variable stiffness module and a drive module. The variable stiffness module transmits the motion from the drive module in a roundabout manner, making the modularization of VSA possible. As the key component of the variable stiffness module, a stiffness adjustment mechanism with a symmetrical structure is applied to change the positions of a pair of pivots in two levers linearly and simultaneously, which can eliminate the additional bending moment caused by the asymmetric structure. The design of the double-deck grooves in the lever allows the pivot to move freely in the groove, avoiding the geometric constraint between the parts. Consequently, the VSA stiffness can change from zero to infinity as the pivot moves from one end of the groove to the other. To facilitate building a manipulator in the future, an expandable electrical system with a distributed structure is also proposed. Stiffness calibration and control experiments are performed to evaluate the physical performance of the designed VSA. Experiment results show that the VSA stiffness is close to the theoretical design stiffness. Furthermore, the VSA with a proportional–derivative feedback plus feedforward controller exhibits a fast response for stiffness regulation and a good performance for position tracking.

关键词： variable stiffness actuator     variable stiffness module     drive module     symmetrical structure     double-deck grooves     expandable electrical system    

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Analytical approach to robust design of nonlinear mechanical systems

Jian ZHANG, Nengsheng BAO, Guojun ZHANG, Peihua GU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第2期   页码 203-214 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0022-0

摘要： The robustness of mechanical systems is influenced by various factors. Their effects must be understood for designing robust systems. This paper proposes a model for describing the relationships among functional requirements, structural characteristics, design parameters and uncontrollable variables of nonlinear systems. With this model, the sensitivity of systems was analyzed to formulate a system sensitivity index and robust sensitivity matrix to determine the importance of the factors in relation to the robustness of systems. Based on the robust design principle, an optimization model was developed. Combining this optimization model and the Taguchi method for robust design, an analysis was carried out to reveal the characteristics of the systems. For a nonlinear mechanical system, relationships among structural characteristics of the system, design parameters, and uncontrollable variables can be formulated as a mathematical function. The characteristics of the system determine how design parameters affect the functional requirements of the system. Consequently, they affect the distribution of system performance functions. Nonlinearity of the system can facilitate the selection of design parameters to achieve the required functional requirements.

关键词： robust     design     nonlinear    

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Shear-flexural strength mechanical model for the design and assessment of reinforced concrete beams subjected

Antonio MARÍ,Antoni CLADERA,Jesús BAIRÁN,Eva OLLER,Carlos RIBAS

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 337-353 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0081-0

摘要： A mechanical model recently developed for the shear strength of slender reinforced concrete beams with and without shear reinforcement is presented and extended to elements with uniformly distributed loads, specially focusing on practical design and assessment in this paper. The shear strength is considered to be the sum of the shear transferred by the concrete compression chord, along the crack, due to residual tensile and frictional stresses, by the stirrups and, if they exist, by the longitudinal reinforcement. Based on the principles of structural mechanics simple expressions have been derived separately for each shear transfer action and for their interaction at ultimate limit state. The predictions of the model have been compared to those obtained by using the EC2, MC2010 and ACI 318-08 provisions and they fit very well the available experimental results from the recently published ACI-DAfStb databases of shear tests on slender reinforced concrete beams with and without stirrups. Finally, a detailed application example has been presented, obtaining each contributing component to the shear strength and the assumed shape and position of the critical crack.

关键词： shear strength     mechanical model     reinforced concrete     design     assessment     shear tests    

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Structural design and mechanical responses of closely spaced super-span double tunnels in strongly weathered

Jiaxin HE; Shaohui HE; Xiabing LIU; Jinlei ZHENG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 685-703 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0824-2

摘要： This paper presents a study of closely spaced double tunnels in Taizhou, China. One is Xiabei Mountain No. 2 four-line super-span high-speed railway tunnel (HRT), and the other is Xiabei Mountain double-line large-span subway tunnel (ST). The excavation spans of HRT and ST are 26.3 and 14 m, respectively. The two tunnels are located at different levels, and their separating distance is 17.2 m. Due to the short construction period, the HRT excavation was completed earlier than ST. The structural design of the HRT, taking account of the disturbance by the ST construction, was analyzed by a numerical simulation. It was found that the “yielding principle” design was more feasible than the “resistance principle” design when considering the safety and durability of the HRT secondary lining. The mechanical responses of the HRT during ST construction were comprehensively monitored and analyzed, including the vault settlement, horizontal convergence, surrounding rock pressure, and the internal stress in shotcrete and steel arch. Results show that the longitudinal influence range of the ST construction on the HRT was approximately 0.6–1.1 times the ST outer diameter; the disturbance was mainly generated in the ST upper bench excavation; and the final axial force of the HRT shotcrete was approximately 9–16 times that of the steel arch, which indicated that the shotcrete was the main bearing structure. The safety status of the HRT was assessed based on the monitoring data, and the minimum safety factors of the HRT shotcrete and steel arch were 1.61 and 1.89, respectively. Parametric studies were performed to show how the lining stress of HRT was affected by the relative angle, pillar width, ST excavation method and excavation footage. Finally, the design and construction optimization were proposed according to the monitoring data and parameter analysis results. This study might provide practical reference for similar projects.

关键词： double tunnels     super-span     structural design     mechanical response     numerical simulation     field monitoring    

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Research on integrating customization design for mechanical product

TAI Ligang, LI Dianqi, ZHONG Tingxiu, LI Zhi

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第1期   页码 89-93 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0015-9

摘要： This paper proposes an integrating rapid customization design system which combines various technologies such as Web, knowledge based engineering (KBE), engineering database and Computer Aided Design (CAD) and has been used in elevator design. The whole system is set up on the base of engineering database technology, integrating Product Data Management (PDM), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) etc. It adopts Web technology to enable customers to individually customize products remo tely through the internet. The system also adopts KBE to manage and reuse product design knowledge, while combining the technology of product family modeling and technologies of feature modeling and parametric design, based on the assembly of the CAD system of Unigraphics Solutions Inc., to create a product family case library that achieves intelligent, rapid design customization.

关键词： engineering database     product     Management     database technology     knowledge    

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Mechanical design, modeling, and identification for a novel antagonistic variable stiffness dexterous

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0691-5

摘要： This study traces the development of dexterous hand research and proposes a novel antagonistic variable stiffness dexterous finger mechanism to improve the safety of dexterous hand in unpredictable environments, such as unstructured or man-made operational errors through comprehensive consideration of cost, accuracy, manufacturing, and application. Based on the concept of mechanical passive compliance, which is widely implemented in robots for interactions, a finger is dedicated to improving mechanical robustness. The finger mechanism not only achieves passive compliance against physical impacts, but also implements the variable stiffness actuator principle in a compact finger without adding supererogatory actuators. It achieves finger stiffness adjustability according to the biologically inspired stiffness variation principle of discarding some mobilities to adjust stiffness. The mechanical design of the finger and its stiffness adjusting methods are elaborated. The stiffness characteristics of the finger joint and the actuation unit are analyzed. Experimental results of the finger joint stiffness identification and finger impact tests under different finger stiffness presets are provided to verify the validity of the model. Fingers have been experimentally proven to be robust against physical impacts. Moreover, the experimental part verifies that fingers have good power, grasping, and manipulation performance.

关键词： multifingered hand     mechanism design     robot safety     variable stiffness actuator    

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机械产品可拓概念设计研究

赵燕伟

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第5期   页码 67-71

摘要：

文章在总结现有智能化概念设计思维规律的基础上，提出基于可拓方法的机械产品智能化概念设计的研究内容、特点、流程与方法。围绕智能化概念设计的功能表达、功能分解与综合、功能推理与决策，重点研究功能-原理-布局-结构的可拓化概念设计方法和计算机模拟人类解决问题的辩证思维过程。文中给出可拓方法在加工中心刀库概念设计中的应用实例。该方法对于解决目前智能化概念设计理论研究与工程实现中的瓶颈问题，具有重要意义。

关键词： 概念设计     机械产品     智能CAD     可拓学    

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One DOF mechanism for the mechanical harvest of vines in an arbor structure and the validation of the

Osvaldo PENISI,José BOCCA,Horacio AGUILAR,Pedro BOCCA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 221-232 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0347-9

摘要：

In the mechanized harvest of vines, grape berries are detached through the vibration to the structure supporting the clusters. According to the kind of guide selected, the clusters require one or two vibration directions in the structure. For guiding in parral structures, vibration is necessary in two directions or planes: One perpendicular to the other. The guide branches producing the clusters develop in these planes, and the guiding is called H-guiding. Mechanism theory indicates that a mechanism has as many degrees of freedom as its actuators, and an actuator is needed to achieve a certain vibration. Having the smallest number of possible actuators is beneficial in reducing moving parts and achieving more compact and easily controllable mecha-nisms. In this case, a single degree-of-freedom mechanism is proposed. It is capable of generating vibrations on two planes: One perpendicular to the other. This mechanism is the sum of two link mechanisms on perpendicular planes with a common outlet located at the output rod of the mechanism where the actuator is found. As the distance between the soil and the elements containing the clusters is not constant, a system has been designed to measure the accelerations at the bars and the rocker to validate the acceleration values that detach the grape berries in a prototype in a lab experiment, to ensure that the acceleration needed for pulling the grape berries are produced at any contact point of the bar.

关键词： harvest     mechanisms     one DOF     vibration    

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Structural dimension optimization and mechanical response analysis of fabricated honeycomb plastic pavement

Zixuan CHEN; Tao LIU; Xiao MA; Hanyu TANG; Jianyou HUANG; Jianzhong PEI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期   页码 896-908 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0856-7

摘要： Because of favorable mechanical properties, deformation resistance and being conducive to environmental protection, honeycomb fabricated plastic pavement slabs are highly recommended these years. At present, most studies focus on the performance of plastic materials, however, the dimension optimization of fabricated plastic pavement slab is rarely mentioned. In this paper, an optimized geometry of the honeycomb pavement slab was determined through finite element analysis. Mechanical response of honeycomb slabs with different internal dimensions and external dimensions were explored. Several dimension factors were taken into consideration including the side length, rib thickness, the thickness of both top and bottom slabs of honeycomb structure and the length, the width and the thickness of the fabricated plastic slab. The results showed that honeycomb pavement slab with 6 cm bottom slab, 12 cm top slab,18 cm side length and 6 cm rib thickness is recommended, additionally, an external dimension of 4 m × 4 m × 0.45 m is suggested. Then, the mechanical responses of this optimized fabricated plastic slab were further investigated. Significance of different influencing factors, including wheel load, elastic modulus of plastic material, base layer thickness, soil foundation modulus and base layer modulus were ranked.

关键词： honeycomb structure     plastic pavement     dimension optimization     mechanical response     factor significance    

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Analysis of suitable geometrical parameters for designing a tendon-driven under-actuated mechanical finger

Francesco PENTA,Cesare ROSSI,Sergio SAVINO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第11卷 第2期   页码 184-194 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0385-y

摘要：

This study aims to optimize the geometrical parameters of an under-actuated mechanical finger by conducting a theoretical analysis of these parameters. The finger is actuated by a flexion tendon and an extension tendon. The considered parameters are the tendon guide positions with respect to the hinges. By applying such an optimization, the correct kinematical and dynamical behavior of the closing cycle of the finger can be obtained. The results of this study are useful for avoiding the snap-through and the single joint hyperflexion, which are the two breakdowns most frequently observed during experimentation on prototypes. Diagrams are established to identify the optimum values for the tendon guides position of a finger with specified dimensions. The findings of this study can serve as guide for future finger design.

关键词： tendon-driven fingers     mechanical finger design     under-actuated mechanical systems    

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Function and principle innovative design of mechanical products based on TRIZ/FA

YUAN Feng, WANG Tai-yong, NIE Hui-juan

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年 第1卷 第3期   页码 350-355 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0031-1

摘要： Function and principle innovation is the ultimate innovation of a product. To achieve Function and principle innovation design of mechanical products, a new process model of function and principle solving is proposed, based on TRI

关键词： TRI     principle solving     product     principle innovation     ultimate innovation    

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Lightweight design of an electric bus body structure with analytical target cascading

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0718-y

摘要： Lightweight designs of new-energy vehicles can reduce energy consumption, thereby improving driving mileage. In this study, a lightweight design of a newly developed multi-material electric bus body structure is examined in combination with analytical target cascading (ATC). By proposing an ATC-based two-level optimization strategy, the original lightweight design problem is decomposed into the system level and three subsystem levels. The system-level optimization model is related to mass minimization with all the structural modal frequency constraints, while each subsystem-level optimization model is related to the sub-structural performance objective with sub-structure mass constraints. To enhance the interaction between two-level systems, each subsystem-level objective is reformulated as a penalty-based function coordinated with the system-level objective. To guarantee the accuracy of the model-based analysis, a finite element model is validated through experimental modal test. A sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used to address the defined optimization problem for effective convergence. Compared with the initial design, the total mass is reduced by 49 kg, and the torsional stiffness is increased by 17.5%. In addition, the obtained design is also validated through strength analysis.

关键词： electric vehicle     body in white (BIW)     lightweight     analytical target cascading (ATC)    

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A feasibility study on the design and walking operation of a biped locomotor via dynamic simulation

null

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第11卷 第2期   页码 144-158 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0391-0

摘要：

A feasibility study on the mechanical design and walking operation of a Cassino biped locomotor is presented in this paper. The biped locomotor consists of two identical 3 degrees-of-freedom tripod leg mechanisms with a parallel manipulator architecture. Planning of the biped walking gait is performed by coordinating the motions of the two leg mechanisms and waist. A three-dimensional model is elaborated in SolidWorks® environment in order to characterize a feasible mechanical design. Dynamic simulation is carried out in MSC.ADAMS® environment with the aims of characterizing and evaluating the dynamic walking performance of the proposed design. Simulation results show that the proposed biped locomotor with proper input motions of linear actuators performs practical and feasible walking on flat surfaces with limited actuation and reaction forces between its feet and the ground. A preliminary prototype of the biped locomotor is built for the purpose of evaluating the operation performance of the biped walking gait of the proposed locomotor.

关键词： feasibility study     biped locomotor     biped walking     mechanical design     dynamic simulation     tripod leg mechanism     3-UPU parallel manipulator    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

机械结构虚拟优化设计技术与应用研究

胡如夫,吴南星,孙庆鸿

期刊论文

Development of lunar regolith composite and structure via laser-assisted sintering

期刊论文

Mechanical design and analysis of a novel variable stiffness actuator with symmetrical pivot adjustment

期刊论文

Analytical approach to robust design of nonlinear mechanical systems

Jian ZHANG, Nengsheng BAO, Guojun ZHANG, Peihua GU

期刊论文

Shear-flexural strength mechanical model for the design and assessment of reinforced concrete beams subjected

Antonio MARÍ,Antoni CLADERA,Jesús BAIRÁN,Eva OLLER,Carlos RIBAS

期刊论文

Structural design and mechanical responses of closely spaced super-span double tunnels in strongly weathered

Jiaxin HE; Shaohui HE; Xiabing LIU; Jinlei ZHENG

期刊论文

Research on integrating customization design for mechanical product

TAI Ligang, LI Dianqi, ZHONG Tingxiu, LI Zhi

期刊论文

Mechanical design, modeling, and identification for a novel antagonistic variable stiffness dexterous

期刊论文

机械产品可拓概念设计研究

赵燕伟

期刊论文

One DOF mechanism for the mechanical harvest of vines in an arbor structure and the validation of the

Osvaldo PENISI,José BOCCA,Horacio AGUILAR,Pedro BOCCA

期刊论文

Structural dimension optimization and mechanical response analysis of fabricated honeycomb plastic pavement

Zixuan CHEN; Tao LIU; Xiao MA; Hanyu TANG; Jianyou HUANG; Jianzhong PEI

期刊论文

Analysis of suitable geometrical parameters for designing a tendon-driven under-actuated mechanical finger

Francesco PENTA,Cesare ROSSI,Sergio SAVINO

期刊论文

Function and principle innovative design of mechanical products based on TRIZ/FA

YUAN Feng, WANG Tai-yong, NIE Hui-juan

期刊论文

Lightweight design of an electric bus body structure with analytical target cascading

期刊论文

A feasibility study on the design and walking operation of a biped locomotor via dynamic simulation

null

期刊论文